[An Air Station Houston MH-65 Dolphin helicopter crew conducts a hoist of one of two mariners approximately 288 miles east southeast of Corpus Christi, Texas, on Jan. 2, 2020. The two sailors were aboard the 37-foot sailing vessel Rhapsody when it became disabled due to an engine room fire and activated their emergency position-indicating radio beacon for rescuers to locate them. (U.S. Coast Guard)]

[Written by NOAA]  NOAA’s satellite fleet, renowned for being the backbone of weather forecasts, also played a pivotal role in rescuing 304 people from potentially life-threatening situations throughout the United States and its surrounding waters in 2020 through other capabilities that fly on these satellites.

Of the 304 U.S. rescues last year, 217 were water rescues, 12 were from aviation incidents and 75 were from events on land. Florida had the most SARSAT rescues with 67, followed by Alaska with 29. The record for the most SARSAT U.S. rescues in one year was set in 2019, with 421.

NOAA’s polar-orbiting and geostationary satellites are part of the global Search and Rescue Satellite Aided Tracking system, or COSPAS-SARSAT, which uses a network of U.S. and international spacecraft to detect and locate distress signals sent from emergency beacons from aircraft, boats and handheld Personal Locator Beacons (PLBs) anywhere in the world.

When a NOAA satellite pinpoints the location of a distress signal in the U.S., the information is relayed to the SARSAT Mission Control Center at NOAA’s Satellite Operations Facility in Suitland, Maryland. From there, the information is sent quickly to Rescue Coordination Centers, operated either by the U.S. Air Force for land rescues, or the U.S. Coast Guard for water rescues. NOAA also supports rescues globally by relaying distress signal information to international SARSAT partners.

In one harrowing case last year, four people were rescued from a sinking boat impacted by Tropical Storm Sally, about 60 miles northwest of Clearwater, Florida. The Coast Guard received the alert details from the PLB onboard the vessel. A helicopter from Air Station Clearwater could not make the rescue because of the hazardous weather conditions, so the Coast Guard diverted the container ship COSCO MALAYSIA to the scene, where it picked up the endangered sailors for transport to Tampa.

By law, beacon owners are required to register their devices online with NOAA. The registration information helps provide better and faster assistance to people in distress, and reduces false alarms. It may also provide what type of help is needed.

Since its start in 1982, COSPAS-SARSAT has been credited with supporting more than 48,000 rescues worldwide, including nearly 9,400 in the United States and its surrounding waters.